feat: switch from FCM token to Firebase installation ID

androidApp/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml

@@ -37,6 +37,9 @@
         <meta-data
             android:name="com.google.firebase.messaging.default_notification_channel_id"
             android:value="@string/alerts_channel" />
+        <meta-data
+            android:name="firebase_messaging_installation_id_enabled"
+            android:value="true" />
         <service
             android:name=".notification.MBTAGoMessagingService"
             android:exported="false">

androidApp/src/main/java/com/mbta/tid/mbta_app/android/ContentView.kt

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.state.getGlobalData
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.state.subscribeToAlerts
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.ManageErrorBannerBackgrounding
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.SettingsCache
-import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.fcmToken
+import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.fcmInstallationId
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.cache.ScheduleCache
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.model.FeaturePromo
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.model.OnboardingScreen
@@ -105,8 +105,8 @@ fun ContentView(
     val pendingFeaturePromos = viewModel.pendingFeaturePromos.collectAsState().value
     val currentLocale = stringResource(R.string.current_locale)
 
-    LaunchedEffect(fcmToken, notificationsEnabled) {
-        fcmToken?.let {
+    LaunchedEffect(fcmInstallationId, notificationsEnabled) {
+        fcmInstallationId?.let {
             val favorites = favoritesUsecases.getRouteStopDirectionFavorites()
             val subscriptions = SubscriptionRequest.fromFavorites(favorites, includeAccessibility)
             subscriptionsRepository.updateSubscriptions(
@@ -118,7 +118,9 @@ fun ContentView(
         }
     }
 
-    LaunchedEffect(fcmToken, globalResponse) { favoritesViewModel.clearStaleFavorites(fcmToken) }
+    LaunchedEffect(fcmInstallationId, globalResponse) {
+        favoritesViewModel.clearStaleFavorites(fcmInstallationId)
+    }
 
     val locationDataManager = rememberLocationDataManager()
     val mapViewportState = rememberMapViewportState {

androidApp/src/main/java/com/mbta/tid/mbta_app/android/MainActivity.kt

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ import com.google.firebase.analytics.analytics
 import com.google.firebase.messaging.FirebaseMessaging
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.analytics.AnalyticsProvider
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.LocalLocationClient
-import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.fcmToken
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.initializeSentry
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.routes.DeepLinkState
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.MutableStateFlow
@@ -54,7 +53,7 @@ class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
     override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
         initSentry()
-        getFCMToken()
+        getFCMInstallationId()
         handleIntent(intent)
         fusedLocationClient = LocationServices.getFusedLocationProviderClient(this)
         enableEdgeToEdge()
@@ -83,7 +82,7 @@ class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
         }
     }
 
-    private fun getFCMToken() {
-        FirebaseMessaging.getInstance().token.addOnSuccessListener { fcmToken = it }
+    private fun getFCMInstallationId() {
+        FirebaseMessaging.getInstance().register()
     }
 }

androidApp/src/main/java/com/mbta/tid/mbta_app/android/notification/MBTAGoMessagingService.kt

@@ -14,20 +14,13 @@ import com.google.firebase.messaging.FirebaseMessagingService
 import com.google.firebase.messaging.RemoteMessage
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.MainActivity
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.R
-import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.fcmToken
+import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.fcmInstallationId
 import kotlin.random.Random
 
 class MBTAGoMessagingService : FirebaseMessagingService() {
-
-    /**
-     * If you want to target single devices or create device groups, you'll need this token. Because
-     * the token could be rotated after initial startup, it is strongly recommended to retrieve the
-     * latest updated registration token. If you need it any other time:
-     * `FirebaseMessaging.getInstance().token.addOnCompleteListener {...}`
-     */
-    override fun onNewToken(token: String) {
-        super.onNewToken(token)
-        fcmToken = token
+    override fun onRegistered(installationId: String) {
+        super.onRegistered(installationId)
+        fcmInstallationId = installationId
     }
 
     // if a notification is sent when the app is in the foreground, we have to create the

androidApp/src/main/java/com/mbta/tid/mbta_app/android/pages/EditFavoritesPage.kt

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.favorites.NoFavoritesView
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.IsLoadingSheetContents
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.SettingsCache
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.Typography
-import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.fcmToken
+import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.fcmInstallationId
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.getLabels
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.key
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.modifiers.haloContainer
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ fun EditFavoritesPage(
                 mapOf(deletedFavorite to null),
                 EditFavoritesContext.Favorites,
                 deletedFavorite.direction,
-                fcmToken,
+                fcmInstallationId,
                 currentLocale,
             )
 
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ fun EditFavoritesPage(
                                     mapOf(deletedFavorite to deletedSettings),
                                     EditFavoritesContext.Favorites,
                                     deletedFavorite.direction,
-                                    fcmToken,
+                                    fcmInstallationId,
                                     currentLocale,
                                 )
                                 toastViewModel.hideToast()

androidApp/src/main/java/com/mbta/tid/mbta_app/android/pages/MorePage.kt

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.more.MoreButton
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.more.MoreSectionView
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.SettingsCache
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.Typography
-import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.fcmToken
+import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.fcmInstallationId
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.key
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.modifiers.haloContainer
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.model.Dependency
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ fun MorePage(
                                         when (setting) {
                                             Settings.StationAccessibility -> {
                                                 if (notificationsEnabled) {
-                                                    fcmToken?.let {
+                                                    fcmInstallationId?.let {
                                                         viewModel.updateAccessibility(
                                                             it,
                                                             newValue,

androidApp/src/main/java/com/mbta/tid/mbta_app/android/pages/SaveFavoritePage.kt

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.favorites.NotificationSettingsWidget
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.state.getGlobalData
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.SettingsCache
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.Typography
-import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.fcmToken
+import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.fcmInstallationId
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.getLabels
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.key
 import com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util.notificationPermissionState
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ fun SaveFavoritePage(
             update,
             context,
             selectedDirection,
-            fcmToken,
+            fcmInstallationId,
             currentLocale,
         )
     }

androidApp/src/main/java/com/mbta/tid/mbta_app/android/util/FCMInstallationId.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+package com.mbta.tid.mbta_app.android.util
+
+import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
+import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
+import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
+
+/** Set in MBTAGoMessagingService or retrieved on app launch in MainActivity */
+var fcmInstallationId: String? by mutableStateOf(null)

androidApp/src/main/java/com/mbta/tid/mbta_app/android/util/manageFavorites.kt

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ fun manageFavorites(favoritesUseCases: FavoritesUsecases = koinInject()): Manage
                 newValues,
                 context,
                 defaultDirection,
-                if (notificationsEnabled) fcmToken else null,
+                if (notificationsEnabled) fcmInstallationId else null,
                 currentLocale,
             )
         }

iosApp/iosApp/ContentView.swift

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ struct ContentView: View {
     @EnvironmentObject var viewportProvider: ViewportProvider
 
     @ObservedObject var contentVM: ContentViewModel
-    @ObservedObject var fcmTokenContainer = FcmTokenContainer.shared
+    @ObservedObject var fcmInstallationIdContainer = FcmInstallationIdContainer.shared
     @ObservedObject var notificationDeepLinkOwner = AppDelegate.notificationDeepLinkOwner
 
     @State private var contentHeight: CGFloat = UIScreen.current?.bounds.height ?? 0
@@ -109,16 +109,16 @@ struct ContentView: View {
         }
         .alerts($alerts)
         .global($globalData, errorKey: ErrorKey(sheets: [], id: "ContentView"))
-        .handleFcmTokenSubscriptions(
-            fcmToken: fcmTokenContainer.token,
+        .handleFcmInstallationIdSubscriptions(
+            fcmInstallationId: fcmInstallationIdContainer.installationId,
             includeAccessibility: includeAccessibility,
             notificationsEnabled: notificationsFlag
         )
-        .onChange(of: fcmTokenContainer.token) { token in
-            favoritesVM.clearStaleFavorites(fcmToken: token)
+        .onChange(of: fcmInstallationIdContainer.installationId) { installationId in
+            favoritesVM.clearStaleFavorites(fcmInstallationId: installationId)
         }
         .onChange(of: globalData) { _ in
-            favoritesVM.clearStaleFavorites(fcmToken: fcmTokenContainer.token)
+            favoritesVM.clearStaleFavorites(fcmInstallationId: fcmInstallationIdContainer.installationId)
         }
         .onChange(of: contentVM.defaultTab) { newTab in
             // if we aren't on an entrypoint, then the default tab may have loaded after
@@ -663,7 +663,7 @@ struct ContentView: View {
                             updatedFavorites: favorites,
                             context: context,
                             defaultDirection: selectedDirection,
-                            fcmToken: fcmTokenContainer.token,
+                            fcmInstallationId: fcmInstallationIdContainer.installationId,
                         )
                     },
                     navCallbacks: navCallbacks,

iosApp/iosApp/GoogleService-Info.plist

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
 <plist version="1.0">
 <dict>
+	<key>FirebaseMessagingInstallationIdEnabled</key>
+	<true/>
 	<key>GCM_SENDER_ID</key>
 	<string>304904690247</string>
 	<key>PLIST_VERSION</key>

iosApp/iosApp/IOSApp.swift

@@ -36,13 +36,7 @@ class AppDelegate: NSObject, UIApplicationDelegate, UNUserNotificationCenterDele
 
     func application(_: UIApplication, didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken deviceToken: Data) {
         Messaging.messaging().apnsToken = deviceToken
-        Messaging.messaging().token { token, error in
-            if let error {
-                print("Error fetching FCM registration token: \(error)")
-            } else if let token {
-                FcmTokenContainer.shared.token = token
-            }
-        }
+        Messaging.messaging().register(completion: { _ in })
     }
 
     func application(
@@ -61,8 +55,8 @@ class AppDelegate: NSObject, UIApplicationDelegate, UNUserNotificationCenterDele
         completionHandler(.noData)
     }
 
-    func messaging(_: Messaging, didReceiveRegistrationToken token: String?) {
-        FcmTokenContainer.shared.token = token
+    func messaging(_: Messaging, didReceiveRegistration installationId: String?) {
+        FcmInstallationIdContainer.shared.installationId = installationId
     }
 
     func userNotificationCenter(

iosApp/iosApp/Info.plist

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
 <plist version="1.0">
 <dict>
+	<key>FirebaseMessagingInstallationIdEnabled</key>
+	<true/>
 	<key>FirebaseAutomaticScreenReportingEnabled</key>
 	<false/>
 	<key>FirebaseAppDelegateProxyEnabled</key>

iosApp/iosApp/Pages/Favorites/EditFavoritesPage.swift

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ struct EditFavoritesPage: View {
     let toastVM: IToastViewModel
     let globalRepository: IGlobalRepository = RepositoryDI().global
 
-    @ObservedObject var fcmTokenContainer = FcmTokenContainer.shared
+    @ObservedObject var fcmInstallationIdContainer = FcmInstallationIdContainer.shared
     @EnvironmentObject var settingsCache: SettingsCache
 
     var groupByStop: Bool { settingsCache.get(.favoritesByStop) }
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ struct EditFavoritesPage: View {
             updatedFavorites: [rsd: nil],
             context: .favorites,
             defaultDirection: rsd.direction,
-            fcmToken: fcmTokenContainer.token,
+            fcmInstallationId: fcmInstallationIdContainer.installationId,
         )
 
         let labels = rsd.getLabels(globalResponse)
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ struct EditFavoritesPage: View {
                         updatedFavorites: [rsd: settings],
                         context: .favorites,
                         defaultDirection: rsd.direction,
-                        fcmToken: fcmTokenContainer.token,
+                        fcmInstallationId: fcmInstallationIdContainer.installationId,
                     )
                 }
             ),

iosApp/iosApp/Pages/More/MorePage.swift

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ struct MorePage: View {
     @State var showingBuildNumber = false
     @State private var path = NavigationPath()
 
-    @ObservedObject var fcmTokenContainer = FcmTokenContainer.shared
+    @ObservedObject var fcmInstallationIdContainer = FcmInstallationIdContainer.shared
     @EnvironmentObject var settingsCache: SettingsCache
 
     private let translation = NSLocalizedString("key/current_locale", comment: "")
@@ -87,9 +87,10 @@ struct MorePage: View {
                                 onChangeSetting: { setting, newValue in
                                     switch setting {
                                     case .stationAccessibility:
-                                        if settingsCache.get(.notifications), let fcmToken = fcmTokenContainer.token {
+                                        if settingsCache.get(.notifications),
+                                           let fcmInstallationId = fcmInstallationIdContainer.installationId {
                                             viewModel.updateAccessibility(
-                                                fcmToken: fcmToken,
+                                                fcmInstallationId: fcmInstallationId,
                                                 includeAccessibility: newValue,
                                                 locale: NSLocalizedString("key/current_locale", comment: "")
                                             )

iosApp/iosApp/Pages/RouteDetails/RouteStopListView.swift

@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ struct RouteStopListContentView<RightSideContent: View>: View {
     @State var displayedToast: ToastViewModel.Toast?
     @State var firstTimeToast: ToastViewModel.Toast?
 
-    @ObservedObject var fcmTokenContainer = FcmTokenContainer.shared
+    @ObservedObject var fcmInstallationIdContainer = FcmInstallationIdContainer.shared
     @EnvironmentObject var settingsCache: SettingsCache
 
     let inspection = Inspection<Self>()
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ struct RouteStopListContentView<RightSideContent: View>: View {
                 updatedFavorites: updatedValues,
                 context: editContext,
                 defaultDirection: selectedDirection,
-                fcmToken: fcmTokenContainer.token,
+                fcmInstallationId: fcmInstallationIdContainer.installationId,
             )
         }
     }

iosApp/iosApp/Pages/StopDetails/StopDetailsFilteredView.swift

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ struct StopDetailsFilteredView: View {
     @State var inSaveFavoritesFlow = false
     @State var alertSummaries: [String: AlertSummary?] = [:]
 
-    @ObservedObject var fcmTokenContainer = FcmTokenContainer.shared
+    @ObservedObject var fcmInstallationIdContainer = FcmInstallationIdContainer.shared
 
     @EnvironmentObject var settingsCache: SettingsCache
 
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ struct StopDetailsFilteredView: View {
                             updatedFavorites: updatedValues,
                             context: .stopDetails,
                             defaultDirection: routeStopDirection.direction,
-                            fcmToken: fcmTokenContainer.token,
+                            fcmInstallationId: fcmInstallationIdContainer.installationId,
                         )
                     },
                     onClose: { inSaveFavoritesFlow = false },

iosApp/iosApp/Utils/Extensions/FavoritesUsecasesExtension.swift

@@ -14,13 +14,13 @@ extension FavoritesUsecases {
         newValues: [RouteStopDirection: FavoriteSettings?],
         context: EditFavoritesContext,
         defaultDirection: Int32,
-        fcmToken: String?,
+        fcmInstallationId: String?,
     ) async throws {
         try await __updateRouteStopDirections(
             newValues: newValues as [RouteStopDirection: Any],
             context: context,
             defaultDirection: .init(int: defaultDirection),
-            fcmToken: fcmToken,
+            fcmInstallationId: fcmInstallationId,
             locale: NSLocalizedString("key/current_locale", comment: ""),
         )
     }

iosApp/iosApp/Utils/FcmInstallationIdContainer.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//
+//  FcmInstallationIdContainer.swift
+//  iosApp
+//
+//  Created by esimon on 11/28/25.
+//  Copyright © 2025 MBTA. All rights reserved.
+//
+
+import SwiftUI
+
+class FcmInstallationIdContainer: ObservableObject {
+    static let shared = FcmInstallationIdContainer()
+    @Published var installationId: String?
+}