ci: make dependency installation non-interactive

[bferanmi806-sketch]

Historical context: The August 18 Makefile CI run on vertex-4 stalled in Install dependencies until the six-hour job limit; Verify tools, Build, and Run were not reached. The original cancelled-run output does not establish which process held the job. In a fresh Ubuntu 24.04 reproduction, the same install sequence can block on interactive tzdata configuration at Geographic area:. This change makes package configuration explicitly non-interactive and makes the GPG key conversion batch-safe.

Validation:

• actionlint passed
• YAML parse passed
• git diff --check passed
• Ubuntu 24.04 dependency installation completed non-interactively through MongoDB 8.0 and uv
• make build was reached

Scope: workflow-only; preserves Ubuntu 24.04, MongoDB 8.0, and the existing vertex-4 component branch behavior.