diff --git a/src/base64/lib.rs b/src/base64/lib.rs
index 2775f4b6a5bd..55a68d6e6f96 100644
--- a/src/base64/lib.rs
+++ b/src/base64/lib.rs
@@ -293,10 +293,14 @@ pub mod vlq {
         let mut len: u8 = 0;
         let mut bytes: [u8; VLQ_MAX_IN_BYTES] = [0; VLQ_MAX_IN_BYTES];
 
+        // Sign-magnitude: i32::MIN has no representation (its magnitude
+        // overflows the u32 VLQ), so it wraps to "-0" instead of panicking.
+        // The crash handler encodes bitcast u32 address halves through here
+        // and must not panic while already reporting a crash.
         let mut vlq: u32 = if value >= 0 {
             (value << 1) as u32
         } else {
-            ((-value << 1) | 1) as u32
+            (value.unsigned_abs() << 1) | 1
         };
 
         // source mappings are limited to i32
@@ -404,6 +408,30 @@ pub mod vlq {
     pub fn decode_assume_valid(encoded: &[u8], start: usize) -> VLQResult {
         decode_impl::<true>(encoded, start)
     }
+
+    #[cfg(test)]
+    mod tests {
+        use super::*;
+
+        #[test]
+        fn encode_decode_roundtrip() {
+            for value in [0, 1, -1, 255, 256, -255, -256, i32::MAX, i32::MIN + 1] {
+                let encoded = VLQ::encode(value);
+                let result = decode(encoded.slice(), 0);
+                assert_eq!(result.value, value);
+                assert_eq!(result.start, encoded.len as usize);
+            }
+            assert_eq!(VLQ::encode(i32::MAX).slice(), b"+/////D");
+            assert_eq!(VLQ::encode(i32::MIN + 1).slice(), b"//////D");
+        }
+
+        #[test]
+        fn encode_i32_min_does_not_panic() {
+            // i32::MIN is outside the sign-magnitude domain; it wraps to "-0".
+            let encoded = VLQ::encode(i32::MIN);
+            assert_eq!(decode(encoded.slice(), 0).value, 0);
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 pub mod zig_base64 {
diff --git a/test/js/bun/sourcemap/internal-sourcemap-roundtrip.test.ts b/test/js/bun/sourcemap/internal-sourcemap-roundtrip.test.ts
index accfe09b6726..1f93f2dde36e 100644
--- a/test/js/bun/sourcemap/internal-sourcemap-roundtrip.test.ts
+++ b/test/js/bun/sourcemap/internal-sourcemap-roundtrip.test.ts
@@ -251,6 +251,48 @@ describe("InternalSourceMap.fromVLQ validation", () => {
   });
 });
 
+describe("InternalSourceMap.toVLQ", () => {
+  test.concurrent("window state of i32::MIN must not crash the VLQ encoder", async () => {
+    // SyncEntry state is raw i32, so a blob whose first window starts at
+    // generated column i32::MIN makes appendVLQTo pass a delta of exactly
+    // i32::MIN to VLQ.encode. i32::MIN has no sign-magnitude representation;
+    // the encoder's magnitude negation overflowed on it (debug builds abort
+    // with "attempt to negate with overflow"). The crash handler reaches the
+    // same encoder edge with bitcast u32 address halves while reporting a
+    // crash. fromVLQ rejects negative absolutes, so craft the blob by hand.
+    // Run in a child process so the abort is recorded as a failure here
+    // instead of taking down the test runner.
+    await using proc = Bun.spawn({
+      cmd: [
+        bunExe(),
+        "-e",
+        `const { internalSourceMap } = require("bun:internal-for-testing");
+         // Blob layout (see src/sourcemap/InternalSourceMap.rs):
+         // [0..8] total_len u64, [8..16] mapping_count u64,
+         // [16..24] input_line_count u64, [24..28] sync_count u32,
+         // [28..32] stream_offset u32, [32..56] SyncEntry, [56..88] window
+         // header (count=1, no deltas), [88] stream tail pad.
+         const blob = new Uint8Array(89);
+         const dv = new DataView(blob.buffer);
+         dv.setBigUint64(0, 89n, true); // total_len
+         dv.setBigUint64(8, 1n, true); // mapping_count
+         dv.setUint32(24, 1, true); // sync_count
+         dv.setUint32(28, 56, true); // stream_offset
+         dv.setInt32(36, -2147483648, true); // SyncEntry.generated_column
+         blob[56] = 1; // window mapping count
+         console.log("TOVLQ: " + internalSourceMap.toVLQ(blob));`,
+      ],
+      env: bunEnv,
+      stdout: "pipe",
+      stderr: "ignore",
+    });
+    const [stdout, exitCode] = await Promise.all([proc.stdout.text(), proc.exited]);
+    // i32::MIN wraps to the "-0" encoding ("B"); the other three fields are 0.
+    expect(stdout).toBe("TOVLQ: BAAA\n");
+    expect(exitCode).toBe(0);
+  });
+});
+
 describe("InternalSourceMap round-trip", () => {
   test("synthetic: fromVLQ → toVLQ preserves all 4-field positions; names dropped, 1-field skipped", () => {
     const vlqIn = buildSyntheticVLQ();