diff --git a/interface/src/instruction/create_buffer.rs b/interface/src/instruction/create_buffer.rs
index d8664b5..bf5fc4e 100644
--- a/interface/src/instruction/create_buffer.rs
+++ b/interface/src/instruction/create_buffer.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 //! token authority. Each token is identified by its `mint` account; the buffer
 //! address must be the canonical PDA for that mint.
 
-use solana_account_view::AccountView;
 use solana_instruction::{AccountMeta, Instruction};
 use solana_program_error::ProgramError;
 use solana_pubkey::Pubkey;
@@ -60,20 +59,17 @@ impl From<CreateBuffers<'_>> for Instruction {
 }
 
 /// Parsed inputs of a `CreateBuffer` instruction.
-pub struct CreateBufferInput<'a> {
-    pub payer: &'a AccountView,
-    pub token_program: &'a AccountView,
+pub struct CreateBufferInput<'a, A> {
+    pub payer: &'a A,
+    pub token_program: &'a A,
     /// One `[buffer_pda, mint]` pair per buffer to create.
-    pub buffers: &'a [[AccountView; 2]],
+    pub buffers: &'a [[A; 2]],
 }
 
-impl<'a> InstructionInputParsing<'a> for CreateBufferInput<'a> {
+impl<'a, A> InstructionInputParsing<'a, A> for CreateBufferInput<'a, A> {
     const DISCRIMINATOR: SettlementInstruction = SettlementInstruction::CreateBuffer;
 
-    fn parse_body(
-        instruction_data: &[u8],
-        accounts: &'a mut [AccountView],
-    ) -> Result<Self, ProgramError> {
+    fn parse_body(instruction_data: &[u8], accounts: &'a mut [A]) -> Result<Self, ProgramError> {
         if !instruction_data.is_empty() {
             return Err(ProgramError::InvalidInstructionData);
         }
@@ -89,7 +85,7 @@ impl<'a> InstructionInputParsing<'a> for CreateBufferInput<'a> {
         // buffer needs both, so a stray odd account left over is a malformed
         // instruction. There must be at least one pair: an instruction that
         // creates no buffers is rejected as a likely encoding issue.
-        let rest: &'a [AccountView] = rest;
+        let rest: &'a [A] = rest;
         let (buffers, remainder) = rest.as_chunks::<2>();
         if !remainder.is_empty() || buffers.is_empty() {
             return Err(ProgramError::NotEnoughAccountKeys);
@@ -135,6 +131,7 @@ mod tests {
     use crate::instruction::fixtures::{
         fake_account, fake_account_from_array, fake_sequential_accounts,
     };
+    use solana_account_view::AccountView;
     use solana_address::Address;
 
     #[test]
@@ -228,8 +225,9 @@ mod tests {
     fn create_buffer_input_rejects_long_data() {
         let mut data = create_buffer_data();
         data.push(0); // trailing byte
+        let mut accounts: [AccountView; 0] = [];
         assert_eq!(
-            CreateBufferInput::parse(&data, &mut []).err(),
+            CreateBufferInput::parse(&data, &mut accounts).err(),
             Some(ProgramError::InvalidInstructionData),
         );
     }
diff --git a/interface/src/instruction/create_order.rs b/interface/src/instruction/create_order.rs
index 9c89381..ab35db2 100644
--- a/interface/src/instruction/create_order.rs
+++ b/interface/src/instruction/create_order.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 //! initial body bytes; the PDA's storage layout lives in
 //! [`crate::data::order::EncodedOrderAccount`].
 
-use solana_account_view::AccountView;
 use solana_instruction::{AccountMeta, Instruction};
 use solana_program_error::ProgramError;
 use solana_pubkey::Pubkey;
@@ -70,20 +69,17 @@ impl From<CreateOrder> for Instruction {
 }
 
 /// Parsed inputs of a `CreateOrder` instruction.
-pub struct CreateOrderInput<'a> {
+pub struct CreateOrderInput<'a, A> {
     pub intent_bytes: [u8; EncodedOrderIntent::SIZE],
-    pub owner: &'a AccountView,
-    pub created_by: &'a AccountView,
-    pub order_pda: &'a mut AccountView,
+    pub owner: &'a A,
+    pub created_by: &'a A,
+    pub order_pda: &'a mut A,
 }
 
-impl<'a> InstructionInputParsing<'a> for CreateOrderInput<'a> {
+impl<'a, A> InstructionInputParsing<'a, A> for CreateOrderInput<'a, A> {
     const DISCRIMINATOR: SettlementInstruction = SettlementInstruction::CreateOrder;
 
-    fn parse_body(
-        instruction_data: &'a [u8],
-        accounts: &'a mut [AccountView],
-    ) -> Result<Self, ProgramError> {
+    fn parse_body(instruction_data: &'a [u8], accounts: &'a mut [A]) -> Result<Self, ProgramError> {
         // Body (discriminator already stripped): exactly the 150 intent bytes.
         if instruction_data.len() != EncodedOrderIntent::SIZE {
             return Err(ProgramError::InvalidInstructionData);
@@ -158,6 +154,7 @@ mod tests {
     use crate::instruction::fixtures::{
         fake_account, fake_account_from_array, fake_sequential_accounts,
     };
+    use solana_account_view::AccountView;
     use solana_address::Address;
 
     #[test]
diff --git a/interface/src/instruction/initialize.rs b/interface/src/instruction/initialize.rs
index 16d0fea..5b56fd8 100644
--- a/interface/src/instruction/initialize.rs
+++ b/interface/src/instruction/initialize.rs
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 //!
 //! Allocates the singleton settlement state PDA (see [`crate::pda::state`]).
 
-use solana_account_view::AccountView;
 use solana_instruction::{AccountMeta, Instruction};
 use solana_program_error::ProgramError;
 use solana_pubkey::Pubkey;
@@ -52,18 +51,15 @@ impl From<Initialize> for Instruction {
 }
 
 /// Parsed inputs of an `Initialize` instruction.
-pub struct InitializeInput<'a> {
-    pub payer: &'a AccountView,
-    pub state_pda: &'a mut AccountView,
+pub struct InitializeInput<'a, A> {
+    pub payer: &'a A,
+    pub state_pda: &'a mut A,
 }
 
-impl<'a> InstructionInputParsing<'a> for InitializeInput<'a> {
+impl<'a, A> InstructionInputParsing<'a, A> for InitializeInput<'a, A> {
     const DISCRIMINATOR: SettlementInstruction = SettlementInstruction::Initialize;
 
-    fn parse_body(
-        instruction_data: &[u8],
-        accounts: &'a mut [AccountView],
-    ) -> Result<Self, ProgramError> {
+    fn parse_body(instruction_data: &[u8], accounts: &'a mut [A]) -> Result<Self, ProgramError> {
         if !instruction_data.is_empty() {
             return Err(ProgramError::InvalidInstructionData);
         }
@@ -107,6 +103,7 @@ mod tests {
     use super::fixtures::{initialize_data, NUM_ACCOUNTS};
     use super::*;
     use crate::instruction::fixtures::{fake_account_from_array, fake_sequential_accounts};
+    use solana_account_view::AccountView;
     use solana_address::Address;
 
     #[test]
diff --git a/interface/src/instruction/mod.rs b/interface/src/instruction/mod.rs
index b77c579..4358659 100644
--- a/interface/src/instruction/mod.rs
+++ b/interface/src/instruction/mod.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 //! settlement instructions, encoding their discriminator (see
 //! [`crate::SettlementInstruction`]) and laying out the required accounts.
 
-use solana_account_view::AccountView;
 use solana_program_error::ProgramError;
 
 use crate::{recover_discriminator, SettlementInstruction};
@@ -15,24 +14,24 @@ pub mod initialize;
 pub mod reclaim_order;
 pub mod settle;
 
-/// Shared components for parsing generic instruction input.
+/// Shared components for parsing an instruction's input (data fields and
+/// accounts).
 ///
 /// Implementations declare which [`SettlementInstruction`] discriminator they
 /// belong to and parse the remaining instruction data and accounts. The
 /// discriminator check is shared via the default [`parse`] implementation; an
 /// impl only needs to provide [`parse_body`].
-pub trait InstructionInputParsing<'a>: Sized {
+///
+/// Parsing accounts is purely positional: they are picked out by their index in
+/// the slice, never by inspecting them. The account type `A` is left generic so
+/// the same layout can be parsed from any account representation, on-chain
+/// (`solana_account_view::AccountView`) or off-chain.
+pub trait InstructionInputParsing<'a, A>: Sized {
     const DISCRIMINATOR: SettlementInstruction;
 
-    fn parse_body(
-        instruction_data: &'a [u8],
-        accounts: &'a mut [AccountView],
-    ) -> Result<Self, ProgramError>;
+    fn parse_body(instruction_data: &'a [u8], accounts: &'a mut [A]) -> Result<Self, ProgramError>;
 
-    fn parse(
-        instruction_data: &'a [u8],
-        accounts: &'a mut [AccountView],
-    ) -> Result<Self, ProgramError> {
+    fn parse(instruction_data: &'a [u8], accounts: &'a mut [A]) -> Result<Self, ProgramError> {
         match recover_discriminator(instruction_data)? {
             (discriminator, remaining_data) if discriminator == Self::DISCRIMINATOR => {
                 Self::parse_body(remaining_data, accounts)
@@ -171,11 +170,12 @@ pub mod fixtures {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
+    use solana_account_view::AccountView;
 
     #[test]
     fn input_parsing_rejects_different_discriminator() {
         struct TestInputParsing {}
-        impl<'a> InstructionInputParsing<'a> for TestInputParsing {
+        impl<'a> InstructionInputParsing<'a, AccountView> for TestInputParsing {
             const DISCRIMINATOR: SettlementInstruction = SettlementInstruction::BeginSettle;
 
             fn parse_body(
diff --git a/interface/src/instruction/reclaim_order.rs b/interface/src/instruction/reclaim_order.rs
index db41103..05105c8 100644
--- a/interface/src/instruction/reclaim_order.rs
+++ b/interface/src/instruction/reclaim_order.rs
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
 //! Required accounts:
 //! `[order_pda (W), reclaim_recipient (W)]`.
 
-use solana_account_view::AccountView;
 use solana_instruction::{AccountMeta, Instruction};
 use solana_program_error::ProgramError;
 use solana_pubkey::Pubkey;
@@ -49,19 +48,16 @@ impl ReclaimOrder {
 }
 
 /// Parsed inputs of a `ReclaimOrder` instruction.
-pub struct ReclaimOrderInput<'a> {
-    pub order_pda: &'a mut AccountView,
+pub struct ReclaimOrderInput<'a, A> {
+    pub order_pda: &'a mut A,
     pub bump: u8,
-    pub reclaim_recipient: &'a mut AccountView,
+    pub reclaim_recipient: &'a mut A,
 }
 
-impl<'a> InstructionInputParsing<'a> for ReclaimOrderInput<'a> {
+impl<'a, A> InstructionInputParsing<'a, A> for ReclaimOrderInput<'a, A> {
     const DISCRIMINATOR: SettlementInstruction = SettlementInstruction::ReclaimOrder;
 
-    fn parse_body(
-        instruction_data: &'a [u8],
-        accounts: &'a mut [AccountView],
-    ) -> Result<Self, ProgramError> {
+    fn parse_body(instruction_data: &'a [u8], accounts: &'a mut [A]) -> Result<Self, ProgramError> {
         // Body is a single bump byte, already stripped of the discriminator.
         let &[bump] = instruction_data else {
             return Err(ProgramError::InvalidInstructionData);
@@ -108,6 +104,7 @@ mod tests {
     use super::fixtures::{default_reclaim_data, NUM_ACCOUNTS};
     use super::*;
     use crate::instruction::fixtures::{fake_account, fake_sequential_accounts};
+    use solana_account_view::AccountView;
     use solana_address::Address;
 
     #[test]
diff --git a/interface/src/instruction/settle/begin.rs b/interface/src/instruction/settle/begin.rs
index 8524e11..129cefb 100644
--- a/interface/src/instruction/settle/begin.rs
+++ b/interface/src/instruction/settle/begin.rs
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 use std::vec;
 
-use solana_account_view::AccountView;
 use solana_instruction::{AccountMeta, Instruction};
 use solana_program_error::ProgramError;
 use solana_pubkey::Pubkey;
@@ -124,12 +123,12 @@ impl From<BeginSettle<'_>> for Instruction {
 
 /// A single settled order, resulted from parsing `BeginSettle`, together with
 /// the funds to pull from its sell token account.
-pub struct SettledOrder<'a> {
-    pub order_pda: &'a AccountView,
-    pub sell_token_account: &'a AccountView,
+pub struct SettledOrder<'a, A> {
+    pub order_pda: &'a A,
+    pub sell_token_account: &'a A,
     pub bump: u8,
     /// Destination accounts for this order's transfers.
-    pub destinations: &'a [AccountView],
+    pub destinations: &'a [A],
     /// Transfer amounts (little-endian `u64`), one per destination.
     pub amounts: &'a [[u8; 8]],
 }
@@ -137,13 +136,13 @@ pub struct SettledOrder<'a> {
 /// Struct storing accounts, bumps, transfer counts, and amounts from parsing the
 /// input of BeginSettle. The parsing step that created this struct guarantees
 /// that there aren't missing elements or that they are assigned incorrectly.
-pub struct SettledOrders<'a> {
+pub struct SettledOrders<'a, A> {
     /// Order accounts, laid out per order as
     /// [order_accounts_1,  order_accounts_2, ...] where
     /// - each order_accounts is a series of accounts:
     ///   `order_pda_N, sell_token_account_N, destination_N_1, destination_N_2, ..., destination_N_M`
     /// - and M is `counts[N]`
-    order_accounts: &'a [AccountView],
+    order_accounts: &'a [A],
     bumps: &'a [u8],
     /// One transfer count per order, parallel to `bumps`.
     counts: &'a [u8],
@@ -152,13 +151,13 @@ pub struct SettledOrders<'a> {
     amounts: &'a [[u8; 8]],
 }
 
-impl<'a> SettledOrders<'a> {
+impl<'a, A> SettledOrders<'a, A> {
     /// Returns an iterator yielding one [`SettledOrder`] per step.
     #[allow(
         clippy::arithmetic_side_effects,
         reason = "offsets are bounded by tx limits"
     )]
-    pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = SettledOrder<'a>> + '_ {
+    pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = SettledOrder<'a, A>> + '_ {
         let order_count = self.bumps.len();
         let mut i = 0usize;
         let mut account_offset = 0usize;
@@ -199,28 +198,25 @@ impl<'a> SettledOrders<'a> {
 /// `accounts` but **not validated** against runtime context except confirming
 /// that the discriminator matches the desired input and that the number of
 /// accounts and bumps is consistent.
-pub struct BeginSettleInput<'a> {
+pub struct BeginSettleInput<'a, A> {
     pub finalize_ix_index: u16,
     /// The off-chain auction this settlement executes, read from the instruction
     /// data. Not validated on-chain: it's carried only so the settlement can be
     /// tied back to its auction off-chain.
     pub auction_id: i64,
-    pub instructions_sysvar_account: &'a AccountView,
-    pub state_pda_account: &'a AccountView,
-    pub token_program_account: &'a AccountView,
-    pub orders: SettledOrders<'a>,
+    pub instructions_sysvar_account: &'a A,
+    pub state_pda_account: &'a A,
+    pub token_program_account: &'a A,
+    pub orders: SettledOrders<'a, A>,
 }
 
 /// This implementation defines how instruction bytes and accounts are laid out
 /// in the transaction. It's the source of truth for deciding where the data
 /// is stored.
-impl<'a> InstructionInputParsing<'a> for BeginSettleInput<'a> {
+impl<'a, A> InstructionInputParsing<'a, A> for BeginSettleInput<'a, A> {
     const DISCRIMINATOR: SettlementInstruction = SettlementInstruction::BeginSettle;
 
-    fn parse_body(
-        instruction_data: &'a [u8],
-        accounts: &'a mut [AccountView],
-    ) -> Result<Self, ProgramError> {
+    fn parse_body(instruction_data: &'a [u8], accounts: &'a mut [A]) -> Result<Self, ProgramError> {
         let (finalize_ix_index, body) = recover_counterpart(instruction_data)?;
 
         let [instructions_sysvar_account, state_pda_account, token_program_account, order_accounts @ ..] =
@@ -299,6 +295,7 @@ mod tests {
     };
     use crate::instruction::settle::tests::ix_data;
     use hex_literal::hex;
+    use solana_account_view::AccountView;
     use solana_address::Address;
 
     /// The fixed accounts every `BeginSettle` carries before its order accounts:
diff --git a/interface/src/instruction/settle/finalize.rs b/interface/src/instruction/settle/finalize.rs
index 886854a..768919c 100644
--- a/interface/src/instruction/settle/finalize.rs
+++ b/interface/src/instruction/settle/finalize.rs
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 use std::vec;
 
-use solana_account_view::AccountView;
 use solana_instruction::{AccountMeta, Instruction};
 use solana_program_error::ProgramError;
 use solana_pubkey::Pubkey;
@@ -95,9 +94,9 @@ impl From<FinalizeSettle<'_>> for Instruction {
 /// A single fund push parsed from `FinalizeSettle`: move `amount` (little-endian
 /// `u64`) from `source_buffer` to `destination`. `bump` is `source_buffer`'s
 /// claimed canonical buffer bump, which the program re-derives against.
-pub struct Push<'a> {
-    pub source_buffer: &'a AccountView,
-    pub destination: &'a AccountView,
+pub struct Push<'a, A> {
+    pub source_buffer: &'a A,
+    pub destination: &'a A,
     pub bump: u8,
     pub amount: &'a [u8; 8],
 }
@@ -107,21 +106,21 @@ pub struct Push<'a> {
 /// account pairs parallel to `bumps` and `amounts`. The parsing step that created
 /// this struct guarantees `push_accounts.len() == 2 * amounts.len()` and
 /// `bumps.len() == amounts.len()`, so the offsets below never run short.
-pub struct Pushes<'a> {
+pub struct Pushes<'a, A> {
     /// `[source_buffer, destination]` per push, flattened.
-    push_accounts: &'a [AccountView],
+    push_accounts: &'a [A],
     bumps: &'a [u8],
     /// One push amount (little-endian `u64`) per push, parallel to `bumps`.
     amounts: &'a [[u8; 8]],
 }
 
-impl<'a> Pushes<'a> {
+impl<'a, A> Pushes<'a, A> {
     /// Returns an iterator yielding one [`Push`] per step.
     #[allow(
         clippy::arithmetic_side_effects,
         reason = "offsets are bounded by tx limits"
     )]
-    pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = Push<'a>> + '_ {
+    pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = Push<'a, A>> + '_ {
         let push_count = self.bumps.len();
         let mut i = 0usize;
         let mut account_offset = 0usize;
@@ -154,24 +153,21 @@ impl<'a> Pushes<'a> {
 /// `accounts` but **not validated** against runtime context except confirming
 /// that the discriminator matches the desired input and that the number of
 /// accounts and amounts is consistent.
-pub struct FinalizeSettleInput<'a> {
+pub struct FinalizeSettleInput<'a, A> {
     pub begin_ix_index: u16,
-    pub instructions_sysvar_account: &'a AccountView,
-    pub state_pda_account: &'a AccountView,
-    pub token_program_account: &'a AccountView,
-    pub pushes: Pushes<'a>,
+    pub instructions_sysvar_account: &'a A,
+    pub state_pda_account: &'a A,
+    pub token_program_account: &'a A,
+    pub pushes: Pushes<'a, A>,
 }
 
 /// This implementation defines how instruction bytes and accounts are laid out
 /// in the transaction. It's the source of truth for deciding where the data
 /// is stored.
-impl<'a> InstructionInputParsing<'a> for FinalizeSettleInput<'a> {
+impl<'a, A> InstructionInputParsing<'a, A> for FinalizeSettleInput<'a, A> {
     const DISCRIMINATOR: SettlementInstruction = SettlementInstruction::FinalizeSettle;
 
-    fn parse_body(
-        instruction_data: &'a [u8],
-        accounts: &'a mut [AccountView],
-    ) -> Result<Self, ProgramError> {
+    fn parse_body(instruction_data: &'a [u8], accounts: &'a mut [A]) -> Result<Self, ProgramError> {
         let (begin_ix_index, body) = recover_counterpart(instruction_data)?;
 
         let [instructions_sysvar_account, state_pda_account, token_program_account, push_accounts @ ..] =
@@ -226,6 +222,7 @@ mod tests {
     };
     use crate::instruction::settle::tests::ix_data;
     use hex_literal::hex;
+    use solana_account_view::AccountView;
     use solana_address::Address;
 
     #[test]
diff --git a/programs/settlement/src/settle/begin.rs b/programs/settlement/src/settle/begin.rs
index 6703447..b5d7865 100644
--- a/programs/settlement/src/settle/begin.rs
+++ b/programs/settlement/src/settle/begin.rs
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ fn settle_orders<'a>(
     program_id: &Address,
     state_pda_account: &AccountView,
     state_pda_signer: &Signer,
-    orders: impl IntoIterator<Item = SettledOrder<'a>>,
+    orders: impl IntoIterator<Item = SettledOrder<'a, AccountView>>,
     finalize_ix: &IntrospectedInstruction,
 ) -> ProgramResult {
     // Orders must be passed strictly increasing by address; this rejects
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ fn settle_orders<'a>(
 #[must_use = "ignoring the output may lead to an unintended on-chain state"]
 fn process_order(
     program_id: &Address,
-    order: SettledOrder<'_>,
+    order: SettledOrder<'_, AccountView>,
     push_destination: &Address,
     now: i64,
     state_account: &AccountView,
diff --git a/programs/settlement/src/settle/finalize.rs b/programs/settlement/src/settle/finalize.rs
index 9026ebe..3cdb9f4 100644
--- a/programs/settlement/src/settle/finalize.rs
+++ b/programs/settlement/src/settle/finalize.rs
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ fn push_funds<'a>(
     program_id: &Address,
     state_pda_account: &AccountView,
     state_pda_signer: &Signer,
-    pushes: Pushes<'a>,
+    pushes: Pushes<'a, AccountView>,
 ) -> ProgramResult {
     for push in pushes.iter() {
         // Read the destination's mint; the borrow ends with this block, before