diff --git a/asciinema.go b/asciinema.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..493daf56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/asciinema.go
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// AsciinemaHeader is the header for an asciinema v2 recording.
+type AsciinemaHeader struct {
+	Version   int               `json:"version"`
+	Width     int               `json:"width"`
+	Height    int               `json:"height"`
+	Timestamp int64             `json:"timestamp"`
+	Title     string            `json:"title,omitempty"`
+	Env       map[string]string `json:"env,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// AsciinemaEvent represents a single event in an asciinema recording.
+// Format: [time, "o", data] for output events.
+type AsciinemaEvent struct {
+	Time float64
+	Type string // "o" for output, "i" for input
+	Data string
+}
+
+// MarshalJSON implements custom JSON marshaling for AsciinemaEvent.
+func (e AsciinemaEvent) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal([]interface{}{e.Time, e.Type, e.Data}) //nolint:wrapcheck
+}
+
+// AsciinemaRecorder captures terminal output for asciinema format.
+type AsciinemaRecorder struct {
+	mu        sync.Mutex
+	events    []AsciinemaEvent
+	startTime time.Time
+	lastState string
+	output    string
+	width     int
+	height    int
+	title     string
+}
+
+// NewAsciinemaRecorder creates a new asciinema recorder.
+func NewAsciinemaRecorder(output string, width, height int) *AsciinemaRecorder {
+	return &AsciinemaRecorder{
+		output:    output,
+		width:     width,
+		height:    height,
+		startTime: time.Now(),
+		events:    make([]AsciinemaEvent, 0),
+	}
+}
+
+// SetTitle sets the recording title.
+func (r *AsciinemaRecorder) SetTitle(title string) {
+	r.mu.Lock()
+	defer r.mu.Unlock()
+	r.title = title
+}
+
+// CaptureFrame captures the current terminal state from xterm.js buffer.
+// Only records if the state has changed from the previous capture.
+//
+// Note: Since VHS renders via xterm.js in a browser, we don't have direct
+// PTY access. This captures screen snapshots and emits ANSI sequences to
+// recreate the display. The result is playable but may differ from native
+// asciinema recordings.
+func (r *AsciinemaRecorder) CaptureFrame(lines []string) {
+	r.mu.Lock()
+	defer r.mu.Unlock()
+
+	// Build current state for change detection
+	currentState := strings.Join(lines, "\n")
+
+	// Only record if changed
+	if currentState == r.lastState {
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Calculate time offset in seconds
+	timeOffset := time.Since(r.startTime).Seconds()
+
+	// Emit ANSI clear screen + content
+	var output strings.Builder
+	output.WriteString("\x1b[2J\x1b[H")
+
+	for i, line := range lines {
+		output.WriteString(line)
+		if i < len(lines)-1 {
+			output.WriteString("\n")
+		}
+	}
+
+	r.events = append(r.events, AsciinemaEvent{
+		Time: timeOffset,
+		Type: "o",
+		Data: output.String(),
+	})
+
+	r.lastState = currentState
+}
+
+// Save writes the asciinema recording to the output file.
+func (r *AsciinemaRecorder) Save() error {
+	r.mu.Lock()
+	defer r.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if r.output == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Ensure directory exists
+	if dir := filepath.Dir(r.output); dir != "." {
+		if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0o750); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to create output directory: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	file, err := os.Create(r.output)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create asciinema file: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer file.Close() //nolint:errcheck
+
+	// Write header
+	header := AsciinemaHeader{
+		Version:   2,
+		Width:     r.width,
+		Height:    r.height,
+		Timestamp: r.startTime.Unix(),
+		Title:     r.title,
+		Env: map[string]string{
+			"SHELL": "/bin/bash",
+			"TERM":  "xterm-256color",
+		},
+	}
+
+	headerJSON, err := json.Marshal(header)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal header: %w", err)
+	}
+	_, _ = fmt.Fprintln(file, string(headerJSON))
+
+	// Write events
+	for _, event := range r.events {
+		eventJSON, err := json.Marshal(event)
+		if err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		_, _ = fmt.Fprintln(file, string(eventJSON))
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// EventCount returns the number of recorded events.
+func (r *AsciinemaRecorder) EventCount() int {
+	r.mu.Lock()
+	defer r.mu.Unlock()
+	return len(r.events)
+}
diff --git a/asciinema_test.go b/asciinema_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a5962dfb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/asciinema_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func TestAsciinemaRecorder_CaptureFrame(t *testing.T) {
+	r := NewAsciinemaRecorder("", 80, 24)
+
+	// Capture first frame
+	r.CaptureFrame([]string{"$ echo hello", "hello", "$"})
+	if r.EventCount() != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 1 event, got %d", r.EventCount())
+	}
+
+	// Same content should not create new event
+	r.CaptureFrame([]string{"$ echo hello", "hello", "$"})
+	if r.EventCount() != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 1 event (no change), got %d", r.EventCount())
+	}
+
+	// Different content should create new event
+	r.CaptureFrame([]string{"$ echo world", "world", "$"})
+	if r.EventCount() != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 2 events, got %d", r.EventCount())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAsciinemaRecorder_Save(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpFile := t.TempDir() + "/test.cast"
+
+	r := NewAsciinemaRecorder(tmpFile, 80, 24)
+	r.SetTitle("Test Recording")
+
+	// Capture some frames
+	r.CaptureFrame([]string{"$ echo hello", "hello"})
+	time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+	r.CaptureFrame([]string{"$ echo world", "world"})
+
+	// Save
+	err := r.Save()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Save failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Read and verify
+	content, err := os.ReadFile(tmpFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to read file: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	lines := strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(string(content)), "\n")
+	if len(lines) < 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected at least 3 lines (header + 2 events), got %d", len(lines))
+	}
+
+	// Verify header
+	var header AsciinemaHeader
+	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(lines[0]), &header); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to parse header: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if header.Version != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("expected version 2, got %d", header.Version)
+	}
+	if header.Width != 80 {
+		t.Errorf("expected width 80, got %d", header.Width)
+	}
+	if header.Height != 24 {
+		t.Errorf("expected height 24, got %d", header.Height)
+	}
+	if header.Title != "Test Recording" {
+		t.Errorf("expected title 'Test Recording', got %q", header.Title)
+	}
+
+	// Verify events are parseable
+	for i, line := range lines[1:] {
+		var event []interface{}
+		if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(line), &event); err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Failed to parse event %d: %v", i, err)
+		}
+		if len(event) != 3 {
+			t.Errorf("Event %d: expected 3 elements, got %d", i, len(event))
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAsciinemaEvent_MarshalJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	event := AsciinemaEvent{
+		Time: 1.5,
+		Type: "o",
+		Data: "hello\n",
+	}
+
+	data, err := json.Marshal(event)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Marshal failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := `[1.5,"o","hello\n"]`
+	if string(data) != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected %q, got %q", expected, string(data))
+	}
+}
diff --git a/command.go b/command.go
index 987df2f7..84c3438b 100644
--- a/command.go
+++ b/command.go
@@ -366,6 +366,8 @@ func ExecuteOutput(c parser.Command, v *VHS) error {
 		v.Options.Video.Output.Frames = c.Args
 	case ".webm":
 		v.Options.Video.Output.WebM = c.Args
+	case ".cast":
+		v.Options.Video.Output.Asciinema = c.Args
 	default:
 		v.Options.Video.Output.GIF = c.Args
 	}
diff --git a/vhs.go b/vhs.go
index 383b0cfc..f15f280c 100644
--- a/vhs.go
+++ b/vhs.go
@@ -21,18 +21,19 @@ import (
 
 // VHS is the object that controls the setup.
 type VHS struct {
-	Options      *Options
-	Errors       []error
-	Page         *rod.Page
-	browser      *rod.Browser
-	TextCanvas   *rod.Element
-	CursorCanvas *rod.Element
-	mutex        *sync.Mutex
-	started      bool
-	recording    bool
-	tty          *exec.Cmd
-	totalFrames  int
-	close        func() error
+	Options           *Options
+	Errors            []error
+	Page              *rod.Page
+	browser           *rod.Browser
+	TextCanvas        *rod.Element
+	CursorCanvas      *rod.Element
+	mutex             *sync.Mutex
+	started           bool
+	recording         bool
+	tty               *exec.Cmd
+	totalFrames       int
+	close             func() error
+	AsciinemaRecorder *AsciinemaRecorder
 }
 
 // Options is the set of options for the setup.
@@ -188,6 +189,26 @@ func (vhs *VHS) Setup() {
 
 	_ = os.RemoveAll(vhs.Options.Video.Input)
 	_ = os.MkdirAll(vhs.Options.Video.Input, 0o750)
+
+	// Initialize asciinema recorder if output is set
+	if vhs.Options.Video.Output.Asciinema != "" {
+		// Get terminal dimensions from xterm.js
+		cols, _ := vhs.Page.Eval("() => term.cols")
+		rows, _ := vhs.Page.Eval("() => term.rows")
+		colsInt := 80
+		rowsInt := 24
+		if cols.Value.Int() > 0 {
+			colsInt = cols.Value.Int()
+		}
+		if rows.Value.Int() > 0 {
+			rowsInt = rows.Value.Int()
+		}
+		vhs.AsciinemaRecorder = NewAsciinemaRecorder(
+			vhs.Options.Video.Output.Asciinema,
+			colsInt,
+			rowsInt,
+		)
+	}
 }
 
 const cleanupWaitTime = 100 * time.Millisecond
@@ -221,6 +242,15 @@ func (vhs *VHS) Cleanup() error {
 
 // Render starts rendering the individual frames into a video.
 func (vhs *VHS) Render() error {
+	// Save asciinema recording if active
+	if vhs.AsciinemaRecorder != nil {
+		fmt.Println("Creating asciinema recording...")
+		if err := vhs.AsciinemaRecorder.Save(); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to save asciinema recording: %w", err)
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Saved asciinema recording with %d events\n", vhs.AsciinemaRecorder.EventCount())
+	}
+
 	// Apply Loop Offset by modifying frame sequence
 	if err := vhs.ApplyLoopOffset(); err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -351,6 +381,11 @@ func (vhs *VHS) Record(ctx context.Context) <-chan error {
 					continue
 				}
 
+				// Capture asciinema frame if recorder is active
+				if vhs.AsciinemaRecorder != nil {
+					vhs.captureAsciinemaFrame()
+				}
+
 				cursor, cursorErr := vhs.CursorCanvas.CanvasToImage("image/png", quality)
 				text, textErr := vhs.TextCanvas.CanvasToImage("image/png", quality)
 				if textErr != nil || cursorErr != nil {
@@ -387,6 +422,27 @@ func (vhs *VHS) Record(ctx context.Context) <-chan error {
 	return ch
 }
 
+// captureAsciinemaFrame captures the current terminal state for asciinema.
+func (vhs *VHS) captureAsciinemaFrame() {
+	if vhs.AsciinemaRecorder == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Get the current buffer content from xterm.js
+	buf, err := vhs.Page.Eval("() => Array(term.rows).fill(0).map((e, i) => term.buffer.active.getLine(i).translateToString().trimEnd())")
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	arr := buf.Value.Arr()
+	lines := make([]string, 0, len(arr))
+	for _, line := range arr {
+		lines = append(lines, line.Str())
+	}
+
+	vhs.AsciinemaRecorder.CaptureFrame(lines)
+}
+
 // ResumeRecording indicates to VHS that the recording should be resumed.
 func (vhs *VHS) ResumeRecording() {
 	vhs.mutex.Lock()
diff --git a/video.go b/video.go
index 8ed49299..03c9c146 100644
--- a/video.go
+++ b/video.go
@@ -41,10 +41,11 @@ func randomDir() string {
 // VideoOutputs is a mapping from file type to file path for all video outputs
 // of VHS.
 type VideoOutputs struct {
-	GIF    string
-	WebM   string
-	MP4    string
-	Frames string
+	GIF       string
+	WebM      string
+	MP4       string
+	Frames    string
+	Asciinema string
 }
 
 // VideoOptions is the set of options for converting frames to a GIF.